312-50v11 Certification – Valid Exam Dumps Questions Study Guide! (Updated 525 Questions)
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The CEH v11 certification is recognized worldwide and is highly valued by employers in the cybersecurity industry. It is designed for professionals who want to advance their careers in cybersecurity, including security analysts, network administrators, and cybersecurity consultants. It provides them with the knowledge and skills they need to identify and prevent security breaches, and to protect their organization's assets from cyberattacks.
NEW QUESTION # 144
Kevin, a professional hacker, wants to penetrate CyberTech Inc.'s network. He employed a technique, using which he encoded packets with Unicode characters. The company's IDS cannot recognize the packet, but the target web server can decode them.
What is the technique used by Kevin to evade the IDS system?
- A. Obfuscating
- B. Session splicing
- C. Urgency flag
- D. Desynchronization
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Adversaries could decide to build an possible or file difficult to find or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. this is often common behavior which will be used across totally different platforms and therefore the network to evade defenses.
Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted so as to avoid detection. These payloads may be used throughout Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. typically a user's action could also be needed to open and Deobfuscate/Decode Files or info for User Execution. The user can also be needed to input a parole to open a parole protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the mortal. Adversaries can also used compressed or archived scripts, like JavaScript.
Portions of files can even be encoded to cover the plain-text strings that will otherwise facilitate defenders with discovery. Payloads can also be split into separate, ostensibly benign files that solely reveal malicious practicality once reassembled.
Adversaries can also modify commands dead from payloads or directly via a Command and Scripting Interpreter. surroundings variables, aliases, characters, and different platform/language specific linguistics may be wont to evade signature based mostly detections and application management mechanisms.
NEW QUESTION # 145
Lewis, a professional hacker, targeted the loT cameras and devices used by a target venture-capital firm. He used an information-gathering tool to collect information about the loT devices connected to a network, open ports and services, and the attack surface area. Using this tool, he also generated statistical reports on broad usage patterns and trends. This tool helped Lewis continually monitor every reachable server and device on the Internet, further allowing him to exploit these devices in the network. Which of the following tools was employed by Lewis in the above scenario?
- A. Censys
- B. Lacework
- C. Wapiti
- D. NeuVector
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 146
Nedved is an IT Security Manager of a bank in his country. One day. he found out that there is a security breach to his company's email server based on analysis of a suspicious connection from the email server to an unknown IP Address.
What is the first thing that Nedved needs to do before contacting the incident response team?
- A. Disconnect the email server from the network
- B. Migrate the connection to the backup email server
- C. Block the connection to the suspicious IP Address from the firewall
- D. Leave it as it Is and contact the incident response te3m right away
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 147
in this attack, an adversary tricks a victim into reinstalling an already-in-use key. This is achieved by manipulating and replaying cryptographic handshake messages. When the victim reinstall the key, associated parameters such as the incremental transmit packet number and receive packet number are reset to their initial values. What is this attack called?
- A. Wardriving
- B. Chop chop attack
- C. KRACK
- D. Evil twin
Answer: C
Explanation:
In this attack KRACK is an acronym for Key Reinstallation Attack. KRACK may be a severe replay attack on Wi-Fi Protected Access protocol (WPA2), which secures your Wi-Fi connection. Hackers use KRACK to take advantage of a vulnerability in WPA2. When in close range of a possible victim, attackers can access and skim encrypted data using KRACK.
How KRACK Works
Your Wi-Fi client uses a four-way handshake when attempting to attach to a protected network. The handshake confirms that both the client - your smartphone, laptop, et cetera - and therefore the access point share the right credentials, usually a password for the network. This establishes the Pairwise passkey (PMK), which allows for encoding . Overall, this handshake procedure allows for quick logins and connections and sets up a replacement encryption key with each connection. this is often what keeps data secure on Wi-Fi connections, and every one protected Wi-Fi connections use the four-way handshake for security. This protocol is that the reason users are encouraged to use private or credential-protected Wi-Fi instead of public connections. KRACK affects the third step of the handshake, allowing the attacker to control and replay the WPA2 encryption key to trick it into installing a key already in use. When the key's reinstalled, other parameters related to it - the incremental transmit packet number called the nonce and therefore the replay counter - are set to their original values. Rather than move to the fourth step within the four-way handshake, nonce resets still replay transmissions of the third step. This sets up the encryption protocol for attack, and counting on how the attackers replay the third-step transmissions, they will take down Wi-Fi security.
Why KRACK may be a Threat
Think of all the devices you employ that believe Wi-Fi. it isn't almost laptops and smartphones; numerous smart devices now structure the web of Things (IoT). due to the vulnerability in WPA2, everything connected to Wi-Fi is in danger of being hacked or hijacked. Attackers using KRACK can gain access to usernames and passwords also as data stored on devices. Hackers can read emails and consider photos of transmitted data then use that information to blackmail users or sell it on the Dark Web. Theft of stored data requires more steps, like an HTTP content injection to load malware into the system. Hackers could conceivably take hold of any device used thereon Wi-Fi connection. Because the attacks require hackers to be on the brink of the target, these internet security threats could also cause physical security threats. On the opposite hand, the necessity to be in close proximity is that the only excellent news associated with KRACK, as meaning a widespread attack would be extremely difficult. Victims are specifically targeted. However, there are concerns that a experienced attacker could develop the talents to use HTTP content injection to load malware onto websites to make a more widespread affect.
Everyone is in danger from KRACK vulnerability. Patches are available for Windows and iOS devices, but a released patch for Android devices is currently in question (November 2017). There are issues with the discharge , and lots of question if all versions and devices are covered. The real problem is with routers and IoT devices. These devices aren't updated as regularly as computer operating systems, and for several devices, security flaws got to be addressed on the manufacturing side. New devices should address KRACK, but the devices you have already got in your home probably aren't protected.
The best protection against KRACK is to make sure any device connected to Wi-Fi is patched and updated with the newest firmware. that has checking together with your router's manufacturer periodically to ascertain if patches are available.
The safest connection option may be a private VPN, especially when publicly spaces. If you would like a VPN for private use, avoid free options, as they need their own security problems and there'll even be issues with HTTPs. Use a paid service offered by a trusted vendor like Kaspersky. Also, more modern networks use WPA3 for better security. Avoid using public Wi-Fi, albeit it's password protection. That password is out there to almost anyone, which reduces the safety level considerably. All the widespread implications of KRACK and therefore the WPA2 vulnerability aren't yet clear. what's certain is that everybody who uses Wi-Fi is in danger and wishes to require precautions to guard their data and devices.
NEW QUESTION # 148
Bob, an attacker, has managed to access a target IoT device. He employed an online tool to gather information related to the model of the IoT device and the certifications granted to it.
Which of the following tools did Bob employ to gather the above information?
- A. EarthExplorer
- B. search.com
- C. FCC ID search
- D. Google image search
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 149
Which of the following viruses tries to hide from anti-virus programs by actively altering and corrupting the chosen service call interruptions when they are being run?
- A. Cavity virus
- B. Polymorphic virus
- C. Stealth/Tunneling virus
- D. Macro virus
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 150
Which of the following programming languages is most susceptible to buffer overflow attacks, due to its lack of a built-in bounds checking mechanism?
Code:
#include <string.h> int main(){ char buffer[8];
strcpy(buffer, ""11111111111111111111111111111"");} Output: Segmentation fault
- A. C#
- B. C++
- C. Python
- D. Java
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 151
Susan, a software developer, wants her web API to update other applications with the latest information. For this purpose, she uses a user-defined HTTP tailback or push APIs that are raised based on trigger events: when invoked, this feature supplies data to other applications so that users can instantly receive real-time Information.
Which of the following techniques is employed by Susan?
- A. SOAP API
- B. REST API
- C. Webhooks
- D. web shells
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Webhooks are one of a few ways internet applications will communicate with one another.
It allows you to send real-time data from one application to another whenever a given event happens.
For example, let's say you've created an application using the Foursquare API that tracks when people check into your restaurant. You ideally wish to be able to greet customers by name and provide a complimentary drink when they check in.
What a webhook will is notify you any time someone checks in, therefore you'd be able to run any processes that you simply had in your application once this event is triggered.
The data is then sent over the web from the application wherever the event originally occurred, to the receiving application that handles the data.
Here's a visual representation of what that looks like:
A webhook url is provided by the receiving application, and acts as a phone number that the other application will call once an event happens.
Only it's more complicated than a phone number, because data about the event is shipped to the webhook url in either JSON or XML format. this is known as the "payload." Here's an example of what a webhook url looks like with the payload it's carrying:
NEW QUESTION # 152
Which of the following commands checks for valid users on an SMTP server?
- A. RCPT
- B. VRFY
- C. EXPN
- D. CHK
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 153
Which of the following is an extremely common IDS evasion technique in the web world?
- A. Port Knocking
- B. Spyware
- C. Subnetting
- D. Unicode Characters
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 154
Which of the following protocols can be used to secure an LDAP service against anonymous queries?
- A. RADIUS
- B. NTLM
- C. WPA
- D. SSO
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 155
An unauthorized individual enters a building following an employee through the employee entrance after the lunch rush. What type of breach has the individual just performed?
- A. Announced
- B. Reverse Social Engineering
- C. Tailgating
- D. Piggybacking
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 156
You are a security officer of a company. You had an alert from IDS that indicates that one PC on your Intranet is connected to a blacklisted IP address (C2 Server) on the Internet. The IP address was blacklisted just before the alert. You are starting an investigation to roughly analyze the severity of the situation. Which of the following is appropriate to analyze?
- A. Internet Firewall/Proxy log.
- B. Event logs on domain controller
- C. Event logs on the PC
- D. IDS log
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 157
Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
- A. DMZ
- B. Administrative safeguards
- C. Logical interface
- D. Physical security
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 158
Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Boot Sector Virus?
- A. Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of the MBR.
- B. Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the actual program.
- C. Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the MBR.
- D. Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 159
Your company performs penetration tests and security assessments for small and medium-sized business in the local are a. During a routine security assessment, you discover information that suggests your client is involved with human trafficking.
What should you do?
- A. Immediately stop work and contact the proper legal authorities.
- B. Confront the client in a respectful manner and ask her about the data.
- C. Copy the data to removable media and keep it in case you need it.
- D. Ignore the data and continue the assessment until completed as agreed.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 160
Attacker Lauren has gained the credentials of an organization's internal server system, and she was often logging in during irregular times to monitor the network activities. The organization was skeptical about the login times and appointed security professional Robert to determine the issue. Robert analyzed the compromised device to find incident details such as the type of attack, its severity, target, impact, method of propagation, and vulnerabilities exploited. What is the incident handling and response (IH&R) phase, in which Robert has determined these issues?
- A. Incident recording and assignment
- B. Incident triage
- C. Preparation
- D. Eradication
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Triage is that the initial post-detection incident response method any responder can execute to open an event or false positive. Structuring an efficient and correct triage method can reduce analyst fatigue, reduce time to reply to and right incidents, and ensure that solely valid alerts are promoted to "investigation or incident" status.
Every part of the triage method should be performed with urgency, as each second counts once in the inside of a crisis. However, triage responders face the intense challenge of filtering an unwieldy input supply into a condensed trickle of events. Here are some suggestions for expediting analysis before knowledge is validated:
* Organization: reduce redundant analysis by developing a workflow that may assign tasks to responders.
Avoid sharing an email box or email alias between multiple responders. Instead use a workflow tool, like those in security orchestration, automation, and response (SOAR) solutions, to assign tasks.
Implement a method to re-assign or reject tasks that are out of scope for triage.
* Correlation: Use a tool like a security info and even management (SIEM) to mix similar events. Link potentially connected events into one useful event.
* Data Enrichment: automate common queries your responders perform daily, like reverse DNS lookups,
* threat intelligence lookups, and IP/domain mapping. Add this knowledge to the event record or make it simply accessible.
Moving full speed ahead is that the thanks to get through the initial sorting method however a a lot of detailed, measured approach is necessary throughout event verification. Presenting a robust case to be accurately evaluated by your security operations center (SOC) or cyber incident response team (CIRT) analysts is key.
Here are many tips for the verification:
* Adjacent Data: Check the data adjacent to the event. for example, if an end has a virus signature hit, look to visualize if there's proof the virus is running before career for more response metrics.
* Intelligence Review: understand the context around the intelligence. simply because an ip address was flagged as a part of a botnet last week doesn't mean it still is an element of a botnet today.
* Initial Priority: Align with operational incident priorities and classify incidents appropriately. ensure the right level of effort is applied to every incident.
* Cross Analysis: look for and analyze potentially shared keys, like science addresses or domain names, across multiple knowledge sources for higher knowledge acurity.
NEW QUESTION # 161
Becky has been hired by a client from Dubai to perform a penetration test against one of their remote offices. Working from her location in Columbus, Ohio, Becky runs her usual reconnaissance scans to obtain basic information about their network. When analyzing the results of her Whois search, Becky notices that the IP was allocated to a location in Le Havre, France. Which regional Internet registry should Becky go to for detailed information?
- A. LACNIC
- B. APNIC
- C. ARIN
- D. RIPE
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 162
Robin, a professional hacker, targeted an organization's network to sniff all the traffic. During this process.
Robin plugged in a rogue switch to an unused port in the LAN with a priority lower than any other switch in the network so that he could make it a root bridge that will later allow him to sniff all the traffic in the network.
What is the attack performed by Robin in the above scenario?
- A. VLAN hopping attack
- B. ARP spoofing attack
- C. DNS poisoning attack
- D. STP attack
Answer: D
Explanation:
STP prevents bridging loops in a redundant switched network environment. By avoiding loops, you can ensure that broadcast traffic does not become a traffic storm.
STP is a hierarchical tree-like topology with a "root" switch at the top. A switch is elected as root based on the lowest configured priority of any switch (0 through 65,535). When a switch boots up, it begins a process of identifying other switches and determining the root bridge. After a root bridge is elected, the topology is established from its perspective of the connectivity. The switches determine the path to the root bridge, and all redundant paths are blocked. STP sends configuration and topology change notifications and acknowledgments (TCN/TCA) using bridge protocol data units (BPDU).
An STP attack involves an attacker spoofing the root bridge in the topology. The attacker broadcasts out an STP configuration/topology change BPDU in an attempt to force an STP recalculation. The BPDU sent out announces that the attacker's system has a lower bridge priority. The attacker can then see a variety of frames forwarded from other switches to it. STP recalculation may also cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition on the network by causing an interruption of 30 to 45 seconds each time the root bridge changes. An attacker using STP network topology changes to force its host to be elected as the root bridge.
NEW QUESTION # 163
How is the public key distributed in an orderly, controlled fashion so that the users can be sure of the sender's identity?
- A. Hash value
- B. Digital signature
- C. Digital certificate
- D. Private key
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 164
In order to tailor your tests during a web-application scan, you decide to determine which web-server version is hosting the application. On using the sV flag with Nmap. you obtain the following response:
80/tcp open http-proxy Apache Server 7.1.6
what Information-gathering technique does this best describe?
- A. Banner grabbing
- B. Brute forcing
- C. Dictionary attack
- D. WhOiS lookup
Answer: A
Explanation:
Banner grabbing is a technique wont to gain info about a computer system on a network and the services running on its open ports. administrators will use this to take inventory of the systems and services on their network. However, an to find will use banner grabbing so as to search out network hosts that are running versions of applications and operating systems with known exploits.
Some samples of service ports used for banner grabbing are those used by Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP); ports 80, 21, and 25 severally. Tools normally used to perform banner grabbing are Telnet, nmap and Netcat.
For example, one may establish a connection to a target internet server using Netcat, then send an HTTP request. The response can usually contain info about the service running on the host:
This information may be used by an administrator to catalog this system, or by an intruder to narrow down a list of applicable exploits. To prevent this, network administrators should restrict access to services on their networks and shut down unused or unnecessary services running on network hosts. Shodan is a search engine for banners grabbed from portscanning the Internet.
NEW QUESTION # 165
Stella, a professional hacker, performs an attack on web services by exploiting a vulnerability that provides additional routing information in the SOAP header to support asynchronous communication. This further allows the transmission of web-service requests and response messages using different TCP connections. Which of the following attack techniques is used by Stella to compromise the web services?
- A. WS-Address spoofing
- B. XML injection
- C. Web services parsing attacks
- D. SOAPAction spoofing
Answer: A
Explanation:
WS-Address provides additional routing information in the SOAP header to support asynchronous communication. This technique allows the transmission of web service requests and response messages using different TCP connections
https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&q=WS-Address+spoofing
CEH V11 Module 14 Page 1896
NEW QUESTION # 166
Ricardo has discovered the username for an application in his targets environment. As he has a limited amount of time, he decides to attempt to use a list of common passwords he found on the Internet. He compiles them into a list and then feeds that list as an argument into his password-cracking application, what type of attack is Ricardo performing?
- A. Password spraying
- B. Brute force
- C. Dictionary
- D. Known plaintext
Answer: B
Explanation:
A dictionary Attack as an attack vector utilized by the attacker to break in a very system, that is password protected, by golf shot technically each word in a very dictionary as a variety of password for that system. This attack vector could be a variety of Brute Force Attack.
The lexicon will contain words from an English dictionary and conjointly some leaked list of commonly used passwords and once combined with common character substitution with numbers, will generally be terribly effective and quick.
How is it done?
Basically, it's attempting each single word that's already ready. it's done victimization machine-controlled tools that strive all the possible words within the dictionary.
Some password Cracking Software:
* John the ripper
* L0phtCrack
* Aircrack-ng
NEW QUESTION # 167
Attacker Simon targeted the communication network of an organization and disabled the security controls of NetNTLMvl by modifying the values of LMCompatibilityLevel, NTLMMinClientSec, and RestrictSendingNTLMTraffic. He then extracted all the non-network logon tokens from all the active processes to masquerade as a legitimate user to launch further attacks. What is the type of attack performed by Simon?
- A. Dictionary attack
- B. Combinator attack
- C. Rainbow table attack
- D. Internal monologue attack
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 168
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